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Test Description
The PCOS Profile is a comprehensive blood test designed to evaluate various hormonal levels associated with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS).
- Insulin: Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels. Many women with PCOS experience insulin resistance, leading to elevated insulin levels, which can stimulate the ovaries to produce more androgens, exacerbating symptoms of hyperandrogenism.
- Androgens: These are often referred to as male hormones, although they are present in both men and women. In PCOS, the ovaries produce excess androgens such as testosterone and androstenedione. Elevated androgen levels are responsible for symptoms like hirsutism (excessive hair growth), acne, and irregular menstrual cycles.
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH): FSH is produced by the pituitary gland and plays a vital role in regulating the menstrual cycle and stimulating ovarian follicles to mature. In PCOS, FSH levels may be lower than normal, affecting follicle development.
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Also produced by the pituitary gland, LH triggers ovulation. Women with PCOS often have elevated LH levels, which can lead to an imbalance in the FSH/LH ratio, disrupting normal ovulation.
- Prolactin: This hormone is involved in breast milk production but can also influence menstrual cycles. Elevated prolactin levels can occur in some women with PCOS and may contribute to menstrual irregularities.
- 17-Hydroxyprogesterone (17 OHP): This hormone is a precursor to androgens and can be elevated in women with certain types of adrenal hyperplasia. Testing for 17 OHP helps rule out other conditions that may mimic PCOS.
- Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate (DHEAS): DHEAS is an androgen produced by the adrenal glands. Elevated levels are often found in women with PCOS and can contribute to symptoms associated with hyperandrogenism.
- Dihydrotestosterone (DHT): A potent form of testosterone, DHT is involved in hair loss and other androgenic effects. Elevated DHT levels are common in women with PCOS.
.Indications of the PCOS Profile Test
The PCOS Profile is indicated for individuals who exhibit symptoms of PCOS, such as:
- Irregular menstrual cycles
- Signs of hyperandrogenism (e.g., excessive hair growth, acne)
- Difficulty in conceiving
- Weight gain or obesity
This test helps in diagnosing PCOS and ruling out other conditions that may mimic its symptoms.
Hormonal Imbalance Effects
The hormonal imbalances associated with PCOS lead to a variety of symptoms including:
- Irregular or absent menstrual periods
- Difficulty conceiving due to anovulation
- Excessive hair growth on the face and body
- Acne and oily skin
- Weight gain or difficulty losing weigh
Patient Preparation/Instructions
Patients are typically advised to:
- Fast for at least 8 hours before the blood draw for accurate glucose and insulin measurements.
- Avoid hormonal medications for a specified period prior to testing, as these can affect hormone levels.
- Consult with their healthcare provider regarding any other specific preparations needed based on individual health conditions.
Typical Reference Values for PCOS Profile
Typical reference ranges for the hormones measured in the PCOS Profile may vary slightly by laboratory but generally include:
- Free Testosterone: 0.7 – 3.6 pg/mL
- FSH: 4 – 8 mIU/mL
- LH: 5 – 20 mIU/mL
- Prolactin: < 25 ng/mL
- 17 OHP: < 200 ng/dL
- DHEAS: 35 – 430 µg/dL
- DHT: Levels may vary; consult specific lab ranges.
- FBS: < 100 mg/dL (fasting)
- PPBS: < 140 mg/dL (2 hours post-meal)
- HOMA: < 1.0 indicates normal insulin sensitivity.
Turnaround Time
The results of the PCOS Profile are usually available within 5 business days after the sample is collected.
How To Order This Test In Kenya
To order the PCOS Profile test, please click the ‘Order Test’ button and add it to your cart. This will allow you to proceed with scheduling your appointment and obtaining the necessary testing.
