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Test Description
The B2-Microglobulin test (B2M Test) measures the level of a protein called beta-2 microglobulin in the blood. B2M is a small protein found on the surface of all nucleated cells, and its levels can be indicative of various conditions, including immune system activation, certain hematologic malignancies, and kidney disease[1][2].
Indications of the Test
The test is used as a tumor marker in certain hematologic malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphoma, or multiple myeloma. It is also helpful in assessing the prognosis of multiple myeloma and evaluating renal tubular disorders[1][5].
Patient Preparation/Instructions
No special preparations are necessary for this test. Blood is collected by venipuncture in a red-top tube, and the sample may be stored refrigerated at 2-8°C for 5 days. For longer storage (up to 6 months), samples should be stored frozen at -20°C. To avoid repeated thawing and freezing, the samples should be aliquoted[1].
Typical Reference Values
In healthy individuals, the typical concentration of B2M in the blood is 1.5 to 3 mg per liter (mg/L) of blood serum. Concentrations in urine tests for healthy people are even lower, typically about 0.04 to 0.22 mg/L[3].
Turnaround Time
The test is usually performed in a laboratory setting, and the turnaround time can vary. Patients should consult their healthcare provider or the testing facility for specific information on turnaround time.
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References:
[1] Beta2 Microglobulin: Reference Range, Interpretation, Collection and Panels https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2086864-overview
[2] Beta 2 Microglobulin (B2M) Tumor Marker Test: MedlinePlus Medical Test https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/beta-2-microglobulin-b2m-tumor-marker-test/
[3] Beta 2 Microglobulin (B2M) Test https://www.cancercenter.com/diagnosing-cancer/diagnostic-procedures/tumor-markers/beta-2-microglobulin-b2m
[4] Beta-2 Microglobulin Kidney Disease – Testing.com https://www.testing.com/tests/beta-2-microglobulin-kidney-disease/
[5] B2M – Overview: Beta-2-Microglobulin, Serum https://www.mayocliniclabs.com/test-catalog/overview/9234
