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Direct Coombs Test (Direct Antiglobulin Test) Description
The Direct Coombs test (DCT), also known as the Direct Antiglobulin Test (DAT), is a diagnostic tool used to detect antibodies or complement proteins attached to the surface of red blood cells. This test is crucial in diagnosing conditions where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys red blood cells, leading to hemolytic anemia. The test involves taking a blood sample, washing the red blood cells to remove any unbound antibodies, and then incubating them with anti-human globulin (Coombs reagent). If the red cells agglutinate (clump together), the test is positive, indicating the presence of antibodies or complement proteins on the red blood cells.
Indications of the Test
The Direct Coombs test is primarily used to diagnose autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), a condition where the immune system attacks the body’s own red blood cells. It can also be used to investigate other conditions such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, erythroblastosis fetalis (hemolytic disease of the newborn), infectious mononucleosis, mycoplasma infection, syphilis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Patient Preparation/Instructions
No special preparation is required for the Direct Coombs test. The procedure involves a standard blood draw from a vein in the arm, which may cause some discomfort or bruising.
Typical Reference Values
A normal result is considered negative, meaning no antibodies or complement proteins are attached to the red blood cells. Abnormal results indicate the presence of these substances, which may suggest hemolytic anemia or other conditions.
Turn Around Time
The turnaround time for the Direct Coombs test can vary depending on the laboratory but is typically completed within a few hours to a day.
Order This Test
To order the Direct Coombs test, simply click the ‘Order Test’ button and add it to your cart. This will ensure that you receive the necessary diagnostic information to help manage your health effectively.
